(1) Plain Carbon Steels:
Since the properties of plain carbon steels are so dependent upon their carbon percentage, these steels are further classified into following categories on the basis of carbon percentage only:
(i) Low carbon or dead mild steel having carbon below 0.15%,
(ii) Mild steel having carbon between 0.15 - 0.3%,
(iii) Medium carbon steel having carbon between 0.3 - 0.7%, and
(iv) High carbon steels having carbon content above 0.7% (the higher practical limit of C% is 1.3%).
As the carbon percentage increases, the strength and hardness of plain carbon steel increases while ductility decreases. Reference is invited to Fig. 2.1. which shoes the effect of increasing carbon percentage on certain mechanical properties of carbon steels.
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